Soils: Mesic to dry loams and alluvium soils, but tolerant of many soil types
Habitat: Upland forests, hillsides, river banks
Cone: Brown, small and ovoid (1-2 inches long)
Evergreen Conifer Tree
Native to northern MI
Typical Mature Height: 100 feet
Light Requirement: Sun, partial shade, shade
Range: Newfoundland and Labrador to Alaska, south to New England, New York, upper Great Lakes Region, Black Hills and the northern Rocky Mountains
Wildlife Value: Important nesting tree for birds; foliage, twigs, and seeds are consumed by birds and mammals; larval host for moths
Uses: Important wood product tree for pulp and paper industry; wood is also used for the construction of prefab houses, mobile homes, furniture, boxes and crates, pallets, house logs, musical instruments, and paddles